requests.post() 方法的使用：
post方法简单使用
1、带数据的post
2、带header的post
3、带json的post
4、带参数的post
5、普通文件上传
6、定制化文件上传
1、常用返回信息：
二、post方法简单使用：
1、带数据的post：
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# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
data = {'key1':'value1','key2':'value2'}
r = requests.post(url,data=data)
#response = r.json()
print (r.text)
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输出：
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{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {
"key1": "value1",
"key2": "value2"
},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "23",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
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2、带header的post：
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import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
headers = {"User-Agent":"test request headers"}
r = requests.post(url,headers=headers)
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输出：
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"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "0",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "test request headers"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
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3、带json的post：
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import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
data = {
"sites": [
{ "name":"test" , "url":"www.test.com" },
{ "name":"google" , "url":"www.google.com" },
{ "name":"weibo" , "url":"www.weibo.com" }
]
}
r = requests.post(url,json=data)
response = r.json()
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输出：
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| {
"args": {},
"data": "{\"sites\": [{\"url\": \"www.test.com\", \"name\": \"test\"}, {\"url\": \"www.google.com\", \"name\": \"google\"}, {\"url\": \"www.weibo.com\", \"name\": \"weibo\"}]}",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "140",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"
},
"json": {
"sites": [
{
"name": "test",
"url": "www.test.com"
},
{
"name": "google",
"url": "www.google.com"
},
{
"name": "weibo",
"url": "www.weibo.com"
}
]
},
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
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4、带参数的post：
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# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
params = {'key1':'params1','key2':'params2'}
# r = requests.post(url)
r = requests.post(url,params=params)
#response = r.json()
print (r.text)
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输出：
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{
"args": {
"key1": "params1",
"key2": "params2"
},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "0",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post?key2=params2&key1=params1"
}
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5、普通文件上传：
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| # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
#普通上传
files = {
'file':open('test.txt','rb')
}
r = requests.post(url,files=files)
print (r.text)
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输出：
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{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {
"file": "hello world!\n"
},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "157",
"Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=392865f79bf6431f8a53c9d56c62571e",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
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6、定制化文件上传：
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| # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
#自定义文件名，文件类型、请求头
files = {
'file':('test.png',open('test.png','rb'),'image/png')
}
r = requests.post(url,files=files)
print (r.text)heman793
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输出比较多，就不帖了。
7、多文件上传：
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import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
files = [
('file1',('test.txt',open('test.txt', 'rb'))),
('file2', ('test.png', open('test.png', 'rb')))
]
r = requests.post(url,files=files)
print (r.text)
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输出上，太多内容，不帖了。
8、流式上传：
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import requests
import json
host = "http://httpbin.org/"
endpoint = "post"
url = ''.join([host,endpoint])
with open( 'test.txt' ) as f:
r = requests.post(url,data = f)
print (r.text)
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输出：
'''
{
"args": {},
"data": "hello world!\n",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Content-Length": "13",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "183.14.133.88",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
'''
归根揭底需要分析 Content-Type这个字段